Water-wheel nozzle



i (NoModeL) 0.. A. SGHARFP. WATER WHEEL NOZZLE.

No. 485,663. Patented Nov. 8, 1892.

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CHARLES A. SCHARFF, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

WATER-WHEEL NOZZLE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 485,663, dated November8, 1892.

Application filed July 8, 1891- Serlal No. 398,869- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES A. SCHARFF, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city and county of San Francisco, State of California,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Adjustable Nozzlesfor Tangential Water-Wheels; and I hereby declare the followingdescription and drawing to be a full and exact description of myinvention.

My invention relates to that class of waterwheels wherein water underpressure is forcibly ejected against the bucket or vanes of unsubmergedwater-wheels, commonly called tangential wheels, and to means forchanging the section or volume of the jet of water impinging on suchwheels without destroying its solidity and maintaining the dynamiceffeet in proportion to the volume of Water eonsumed or passing throughthe nozzles; and it consists in certain novel constructions,combinations, and arrangements of parts, as will be hereinafterdescribed and claimed.

The drawing herewith shows one of my improved nozzles, the mainoperating parts being in section.

The main member A is connected with the water-supply by an extension atB. On the exterior of this member A is formed a packing-box C, havinglugs a a and struts or pillars M M for supporting the nozzle-adjustingmechanism to be hereinafter described. To

the end of this main member A is attached the main or exterior nozzle Dby either a screwed or flanged joint at E. Concentric within thisnozzleD is a second nozzle or corepiece F, consisting of a parallel ornearly parallel section L and a conical section F", sup ported on astiff stem G, which takes its bearing in the main casting at c and alsoin the adjustable screw-bearin g H. This adjustable nozzle F is madehollow with inlets s s and an adjustable valve I, so a central jet ofwater can be discharged through this nozzle at R independent of or inconjunction with the main annular jet passing out at J J. The

extension L of the nozzle F can be made parallel or slightly tapered inthis. part along a portion of its length without changing its functionsand the water permitted to maintain its initial velocity from thebeginning to the end of the parallel extensions.

The central nozzle or core-piece F is moved forward or back by turningthe hand-wheel K, which operates a nut on the screwed portion of thestem G. In this way the nozzle F can be advanced until it takes theposition indicated by the dotted lines at, closing entirely the annularjet at J, or in various positions modifying this main jet to correspondwith the power required or the resistance offered to the Water-wheel onwhich the water is discharged.

The central or regulating nozzle F is attached to the stem G by ascrewed joint m, and in its enlarged or conical part contains a slidingpiston-valve I, which opens and closes the inlets s s as the stem S isadjusted forward or back by means of the hand-wheel N and screwextension 0 of the stem S, which latter has its bearing in the main stemG. In this manner the adjustment or position of the valve I is notafiected by the regulating movement of the main stem G and core-nozzleF.

The influence of the parallel or nearly parallel portion L of thecore-nozzleF on the annular jet issuing at J J is such as to cause thewater to converge toward the center after passing the end at P, and thusprevent diffusion, which diminishes the dynamic effect of the jet; also,the centralor core jet B when employed will move at less velocity thanthe enveloping jet issuing at J, this being due to the fact that theaggregate area'of the openings sis smaller in proportion to the outletRthan the area of the passage surrounding openings 8 is to the outlet Jwhen the latter passages are most open, thus tending by such retardationto condense and draw toward the center the outward or enveloping sectionof the main jet at J J, thus producing what is called a solid stream,capable of variation in volume and. to suit the resistance or powerrequired. The effect produced by the section L of the internal nozzle,which is preferably made even with or projecting beyond the main nozzleD, is wholly difierent from the result produced by means of a pointedcone sometimes employed to regulate the discharge of waterwheel nozzles,and this difierence in efiect is the obtaining of a determined initialvelocity to the outgoing stream, the result be ing obtained by havingthe termini cylindrical instead of conical.

It will be understood that although I have shown in the drawing handapparatus for the adjustment of the nozzle F such adjustment can beperformed by power and by means of centrifugal governors, the action ofwhich will depend on the speed of the water-wheel driven. It will alsobe understood that in cases where the friction and resistance of thestem G is more than can be controlled by a centrifugal governor directlyattached hydraulic pistons or other supplemental power can be applied tomove the stem G in the usual manner.

Having thus explained the nature and objects of my invention andillustrated the manner of constructing and applying the same, what Iclaim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a Waterwheel nozzle, the adjustable internal core-piece or nozzleF, with a parallel or nearly-parallel section L and a conical seetion Fmade hollow, to discharge a central jet and provided with inlets s s anda valve I, so arranged as to discharge a central stream and at the sametime by adjustment of this nozzle control the amount of water passing atthe orifice .I J of the main nozzle, substantiallyin the manner and forthe purposes described.

2. In a water-Wheel nozzle, as herein described, the main nozzle D, theinternal regulating-nozzle F, hollow screw-stem G, valve I, and controlscrew-stem S, so arranged as to discharge and control an annular jetfrom the main nozzle D and a central or core jet from the inner nozzleF, substantially in the manner and for the purposes described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature in thepresence of two witnesses.

CHARLES A. SGHARFF. \Vitnesses:

ALFRED A. ENQUIST, WILsoN D. BENT, Jr.

